Introduction是英语论文的引言部分，也是整篇文章中很重要的结构。读者一般从Introduction部分可以了解论文的研究方向、过程以及研究目的。在很多时候，一个精彩的introduction就能在很大程度上帮我们取得整篇Essay的高分，所以今天想和大家分享一些Introduction的常用且有效的方法。
1. Hook Sentence
顾名思义，hook sentence的作用就是在一开始吸引读者的注意力。Hook sentence应该重点涵盖三项基本内容：background knowledge, key definition, and/or context of the problem. 同时，适当地加入一些表达程度或意义的副词也可以强调后面要展开的句子的重要性。
看两个例句：
① Undoubtedly，extra packaging of products has been a controversial issue over the last couple of decades.
② It is evident that early childhood education has been a subject of interest between both parents and education providers.
2. Paraphrasing
在Essay里cite（引用）他人的观点可以展现你针对问题做出的research和literature review。但其实很多教授更愿意看到的是你个人对于一个问题或者他人观点的理解，这个时候就需要我们熟练运用paraphrase的技巧，把他人在文中的观点加以提炼和内化，转变成自己的理解。这也是展示我们写作能力的重要考核角度。开始一个Paraphrase时，可以使用以下几个句型结构。
① Considering this, some analysts/people hold an opinion that……
② There is a widely established view that……
3. Use a Surprising Fact or Posing Questions
在Introduction部分，也可以适当选择使用一些让人感到惊叹或鲜为人知的事实来吸引读者，在这之后在借由surprising fact带来的效果陈述你的观点。
看一个例子：With recent studies showing that, on average, dog owners live up to 24% longer than those without canine companions, there's no doubt that a dog can have a range of physical and mental health benefits for its owner. These include a more active lifestyle, a social network of other pet owners, companionship, and a sense of purpose.
除此之外，向读者提问来引发他们的思考也有助于我们顺势展开对问题的陈述。
Global climate change is a crisis that affects everyone, rich and poor, young and old. From rising ocean levels to increased temperature extremes, the world is changing for everyone. How will your life be different in the coming years?
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